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人教版小学四年级英语语法总结(最新整理)

2024-10-18 来源:威能网


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一、名词复数规则

1. 一般情况,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats

2. 以 s. x. sh. ch 结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches(手表)

3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变 y 为 i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries 但 boy- boys

4. 以“f 或 fe”结尾,变 f 或 fe 为 v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives leaf-leaves

5. 以 o 结尾 有生命的加 es 无生命的加 s,如:potato-potatoes pianos

tomatoes photo-photos piano-

不规则名词的复数:man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman- policewomen, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese- Chinese, goose-geese

不可数名词没有复数形式: paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea 数名词当成单数看待

在具体句子中我们应该把不可

二、一般现在时 一般现在时的功能

1. 表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。

2. 表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。

如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 一般现在时的标志词: often, usually, sometimes, every 等

一般现在时的构成 主语+动词原形。

如: We study English. 我们学习英语。 当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it,my father 等)时

主语(三单)+动词的三单形式(要在动词后加\"-s\"或\"-es\") 语。

一般现在时的变化

如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉

否定句:主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。 如:

I don't like bread. He doesn't like bread, too. 一般疑问句:Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。 如: Do you go to school by bike? Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

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当主语为第三人称单数时,要用 does 构成一般疑问句。 如:

Does she go to school by bike? Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句。如:How dou you go to school? How does your father go to work? 动词的第三人称单数的变化规则

1. 一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, make-makes

2. 以 s. x. sh. ch. o 结尾,加-es,如: wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes

3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变 y 为 i, 再加-es,如:study-studies 但 play-plays 不规则变化

have-has

三、现在进行时

1.现在进行时 表示现在正在进行或发生的动作。 2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构:主语+be+ 动词 ing. 如: I am eating. 现在进行时的否定句

基本结构:主语+be not + 动词 ing. 如: I am not eating. 现在进行时的一般疑问句基本结构: be 动词 +主语 +动词 ing. 如: Are you eating? 现在进行时的特殊疑问句基本结构:特殊疑问词+ be +主语+动词 ing?

如:What are you eating?

动词的 ing 形式(动词的现在分词)的变化规则 1 一般情况下直接在动词后面加 ing

read--reading sleep---sleeping study---studying clean--cleaning play---playing 2 以不发音的字母 e 结尾的动词,去掉字母 e,再加 ing

come---coming make---making ride---riding have---having take---taking 结尾,呈现 “辅,元,辅”结构的动词,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加 ing stop--stopping 停 sit--sitting 坐 run--running 跑 begin—beginning 开始 getting 得到 swim--swimming 游 dig--digging 挖

write---

writing dance---dancing 3 以重读闭音节(重读闭音节即两个辅音中间夹一个元音并且重读的音节)

cut--cutting 切 get--

四、一般将来时

一、概念:表示将要发生的动作以及打算或者准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语: tomorrow, this weekeng, next day(week, month, year„),等。

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二、基本结构: ①主 + be going to + 动词原形; ②主 +will+ 动词原形.

I am going to play football tomorrow(明天). = I will play football tomorrow.

三、否定句:在 be 动词(am, is, are)后加 not,主 + be not going to + 动词原形。 m going to have a picnic this afternoon.

例如:I’

→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.

4、一般疑问句: 把 be 提到句首,some 改为 any, 第一二人称互换。Be + 主+ going to +动词原形?

例如:We are going to swim this weekend. → Are you going to swim this weekend?

五、一般过去时

1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 2.一般过去时 Be 动词的变化:

⑴ am 和 is 在一般过去时中变为 was。(was not=wasn’t) ⑵ are 在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=weren’t)

⑶ 带有 was 或 were 的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和 is, am, are 一样,即否定句在 was 或 were 后加 not,一般疑问句把 was 或 were 调到句首。 3.没有 be 动词的一般过去时 肯定句: 主语+动词过去式?

如: Jim went home yesterday.

如:Jim didn’t go home yesterday. 一般疑问句: Did+

否定句: 主语+didn’t +动词原形? 主语+动词原形?

如:Did Jim go home yesterday?

特殊疑问句:⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形? 如: What did Jim do yesterday?

⑵疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式?如:Who went to home yesterday?

动词过去式变化规则:

1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:clean-cleaned, cook-cooked 2.以不发音的 e 结尾的在词尾加 d, 如:like-liked live-lived

3. 末尾有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,双写末尾的辅音字母,加-ed,如:stop-

stopped

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4. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变 y 为 i, 再加-ed,如:study-studied 但 play-played 5.不规则动

词过去式:

am, is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take- took, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, fly-flew, , swim-swam 六、比较级

1、比较级在句子中的运用:两个事物或人的比较用比较级,比较级后面一般带有单词 than。 一般句式的构成:

A + is / are+ 形容词比较级+ than + B 容词加 er 的规则:

A 是主格 B 是宾格

如: She is taller than me. 2.形

⑴ 一般在词尾加 er 如:small--smaller clean--cleaner ; ⑵ 以字母 e 结尾,加 r 如:fine--finer nice- -nicer;

⑶闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母,须先双写这个辅音字母,再加-er 如:big-- bigger hot--hotter ;

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At the end, Xiao Bian gives you a passage. Minand once said, \"people who learn to learn are very happy people.\". In every wonderful life, learning is an eternal theme. As a professional clerical and teaching position, I understand the importance of

continuous learning, \"life is diligent, nothing can be gained\can achieve better self. Only by constantly learning and mastering the latest relevant knowledge, can employees from all walks of life keep up with the pace of enterprise development and innovate to meet the needs of the market. This document is also edited by my studio professionals, there may be errors in the document, if there are errors, please correct, thank you!

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