Lesson 16 A Polite Request彬彬有礼的要求
What was the polite request?
If you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will soon find it. You will be very lucky if he lets you go without a ticket. However, this does not always happen. Traffic police are sometimes very polite. During a holiday in Sweden, I found this note on my car: 'sir, we welcome you to our city. This is a \"No Parking\" area. You will enjoy your stay here if you pay attention to our street signs. This note is only a reminder.' If you receive a request like this, you cannot fail to obey it!
参考译文
一旦你把汽车停错了地方，交通警很快就会发现。如果他没给你罚单就放你走了，算你走运。然而，情况并不都是这样，交通警有时也很客气。有一次在瑞典度假，我发现我的车上有这样一个字条：“先生，欢迎您光临我们的城市。此处是‘禁止停车’区。如果您对我们街上的标牌稍加注意，您在此会过得很愉快的。谨此提请注意。”如果你收到这样的恳求，你是不会不遵照执行的！
【New words and expressions】（9）
park
1) n. 公园 (public garden)
the Central Park （纽约的）中央公园
2) v. 停车 stop and leave (a vehicle) in a place for a time
eg. You can’t park in this street. 你不能在这条街上停车。
parking lot (Am) 停车场
car park (Br) 停车场
eg. No parking! 禁止停车！
eg. No smoking! 禁止抽烟！
eg. No spitting! 禁止吐痰！
traffic [U] (vehicles moving along a road or street) 往来于街道的车辆
heavy traffic 往来车辆很多
light traffic 往来车辆不多
名词修饰名词
a traffic accident 交通事故
traffic regulations 交通法规
a traffic policeman 交通警察
traffic jam 交通堵塞
or: heavy traffic交通堵塞
ticket
1) [C] 票（机票，车票，电影或入场券）
eg. Do you want a single or a return/round ticket? 你想要单程票还是往返票？ eg. I’ve got two tickets for the World Cup Final. 我有两张世界杯决赛的票。
2) [C] （交通违章）罚款单
get a parking ticket 收到违章停车罚款单
a speeding ticket 超速驾驶罚款单
note
1) [C] 笔记，摘记（通常用pl.） (short written record to aid the memory) make notes
or: take notes 做笔记
eg. He never forgets to make notes for his speech. 他从不忘记在做演讲前拟好讲稿。 eg. Students are busy taking notes in class. 学生们在课上忙着做笔记。
a note-book 笔记本，记事本
eg. You will take a lot of notes on your note-books. 你将在笔记本上做许多笔记。
2) (short letter) 短信，便笺，便条
a note of thanks 感谢信
leave sb a note 给…留个便条
leave sb a message 给…留个口信
note paper 便条纸
a diplomatic [,diplə'mætik] note 外交照会
3) (paper money) 纸币
bill纸币(U.S.)←→coin 硬币
eg. Do you want the money in notes or in coins? 这钱你是要纸币还是要硬币呢？ paper money/paper currency 纸币
英美的主要硬币
关于coin 的短语
toss a coin 掷钱币
heads or tails 正面还是反面
coin the money （口）赚大钱，发横财
pay a person (back) in his own coin 以其人之道还治其人之身
an eye for eye and a tooth for tooth 以眼还眼，以牙还牙
4) 音符
whole 全音符
half 二分音符
quarter 四分音符
eighth 八分音符
与note相关的短语
make notes of
or: take notes of 做笔记
compare notes 交换意见，互道感想
area n.地区，地域，地段
a desert area 沙漠地区
a residential [,rezi'denʃəl] area 住宅区
area code （美）电话的区域号码
zip code （美）邮递区号
/ postcode （英）
district
1) 地域，地区
the lake District （英国北部的）湖区
2) 行政地区（以行政、司法、教育为目的划分的） Xuan Wu District, Beijing, China 中国北京宣武区 an election district 一个选区
3) 特区
Washington D. C. 华盛顿特区
(District of Columbia) （哥伦比亚特区）
Shenzhen District 深圳特区
region 地区，地带
a forest region 森林地带
an industrial region 工业地区
the Great Lakes region 大湖区
tropical regions 热带地区
sign
1) n. 记号，符号：＋，－，×，÷
2) 牌子，指示牌
traffic signs 交通指示牌
street signs 街道指示牌
a shop-sign 商店招牌
a pub-sign 酒馆招牌
3) n. 手势语，手语（如聋哑人用的）
body language 肢体语言
4) . v. (write one’s name on a document, etc) 签名 eg. Sign your name here, please. 请在这签上你的名字。
5) v. 做手势通知
sign off 广播、电视结束当天的播送
sign on 广播、电视开始当天的播送
reminder n. 提示
remind
1) v. 提示
remind sb of sth 提醒某人注意某事或做某事
(inform sb of a fact or tell sb to do sth he may have forgotten)
eg. Remind me to answer that letter. 提醒我回那封信。
eg. Do I have to remind you again? 我还需要再提醒你吗？
2) 令人回想起某事
remind sb of sb/sth 使人回想起了某人/某事
eg. This song reminds me of my old lover. 这首歌使我想起了我的旧情人。
reminder n. 提示
send/give sb a gentle reminder to pay the bill 婉言提醒某人付账
eg. The waiters were cleaning the tables, which served as a reminder that it was time to leave. 服务员们在清理桌子，也就是提醒客人该走了。
fail v. 失败
反义：succeed
fail in sth (be unsuccessful in sth) 在…方面失败
fail to do sth 不能，没有做到
eg. I passed (in) mathematics but failed in French. 我的数学及格但法语没及格。
eg. She failed to reach the final. 她没能进入决赛。
eg. He never fails to write to his girlfriend every week. 他从没忘记给他女朋友写信。
eg. If you receive a reminder like this, you cannot fail to obey it.
要是你收到这样的提示的话，你不会不服从的。
obey v. 服从， 顺从，执行 (to do what is told or obliged to do; carry out a command)
eg. Soldiers are trained to obey without questions. 训练士兵要绝对服从命令。
obey without questions 绝对服从命令(no how, why, what…)
obey rules 遵守规章制度
obey orders 服从命令
or: obey commands
obey the law 遵守法律
反义：disobey
break.
violate ['vaıəleıt]
go against
If引导的条件句：条件句主要用来询问或者谈论将来可了能的事情，主句中是将来时。条件句中，将来时通常用现在时表面示，即：主将从现
例: If he is out, I'll call tomorrow .
如果他不在，我明天再打电话。
You' ll miss the train if you don' t hurry.
如果你不抓紧，你会错过火车的。
If he' s working, I won't disturb him.
如果他在工作，我就不打扰了。
If I have time, I’ll be writing to him tomorrow.
要是我有时间，我明天就给他写信。
有时主句主语可以省略：（祈使句）
工f you make a mistake，correct it. 如果你犯了错，改正它。
If you don't like the food, don' t eat it.
不喜欢吃的话，就不要吃了。
练习A:用括号中动词的正确时态填空
l. If it ____ (rain), I shall take an umbrella with me.
答案： rains
2. If he ____ (be) here before IO, I shall see him.
答案：is
3. If he plays well, he ____ (get) into the team.
答案：will get
4. You will never ____ (pass) this test if you don' t work hard.
答案：pass
练习B用正确时态填空
A mother received a letter from his eight-year-old daughter. Here is part of it: 'If I ____(listen) to the radio, don' t tell me to my homework, If I____(do) something
wrong, ____(not shout) at me. If the house ____(be) untidy, ____(not blame)me. If you ____ (want) me to do something, ____(not forget)to say \"please\". If I____(play) a nice game, ____(not send)me to bed. If I____(ask) for something, don' t always say \"No\". If it ____(be) cold, ____ (not put) the cat out. Don' t say \"don' t\" so often
答案：am listening , do , is, don' t blame, want, don' t forget, am playing, don't send, ask, is ,don't put
If you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will soon find it. You will be very lucky if he lets you go without a ticket.
police 集合名词，警察群体，谓语动词用复数
a policeman 一名警察
a traffic policeman 一名交通警察
people
cattle
都是集合名词，通常以复数形式出现
cop （俚）警察
bobby （Br.口）警察
lucky←→unlucky
luck n.幸运
let 使役性动词
let sb do
make sb do
have sb do
let alone 更不用说
eg. He can’t (even) ride a bicycle, let alone a motorbike.
他甚至不会骑自行车，更不用说骑摩托。
eg. Let me be! 别理我！
eg. Let me see. / Let’s see 让我想一想。
without prep. 没有
without sth
without doing sth
without a ticket 没有开罚单
eg. You can’t leave the country without a passport. 你没有护照，不能离开这个国家。
three nights without sleep 三个晚上没有睡觉
eg. There is no smoke without fire. 没有火就没有烟/ 无风不起浪。
eg. I can’t live without you. 没有你我就活不下去。
eg. I feel very lonely without my dog. 没有我的狗我就感到很孤独。
eg. You can’t go without paying the bill. 你没有付账不能走。
eg. One cannot think of Egypt without thinking of the Nile. 人们一想到埃及就
想到尼罗河。
However, this does not always happen. Traffic police are sometimes very polite. however: 转折副词，作插入语，用逗号与其它成分隔开
but 并列连词
eg. Tom was not there, but his brother was.
eg. However, this does not always happen. 但是情况并不总是这样。
Sometimes 有时候（常与一般现在时搭配）
some times 几次，几倍
sometime 表示过去或将来的某个时间
some time 一段时间
During a holiday in Sweden, I found this note on my car: 'sir, we welcome you to our city. This is a \"No Parking\" area. You will enjoy your stay here if you pay attention to our street signs. This note is only a reminder.' If you receive a request like this, you cannot fail to obey it!
Sweden ['swi:dn] n.瑞典
Switzerland ['swɪtsələnd] n.瑞士
Swedish ['swi:dɪʃ] adj.瑞典的
Swede [swi:d] n.瑞典人
Swiss [swɪs] adj.(人)来自瑞士的；瑞士的;瑞士文化的 n.瑞士人
eg. I miss my Smiss Miss and my Smiss Miss misses me.
You’ll enjoy your stay here.
/ You’ll enjoy yourself here.
/You’ll have a good time here.
pay attention to 注意
eg. Please pay attention to the blackboard.
care 在乎
eg. I don’t care if he breaks his neck.
take care of
or: look after 照顾，照料
eg. Don’t worry about the garden. I’ll take care of it while you are on holiday.
eg. Don’t worry about the garden. I’ll look after it while you are on holiday.
care for 喜欢
eg. Do you care for baseball? 你喜欢棒球吗？
eg. I don’t care less. 我一点都不在乎，
reminder n. 提示
remind
eg. I reminded him to post my letter. 我提醒他去寄我的信。
eg. I remembered to post your letter. 我记得去寄你的信。
eg. Remember me to your mother. 代我问候你母亲。
eg. I remember posting your letter. 我记得寄过你的信。
remember to do sth 记得去做某事
remember doing sth 记得做过某事
like prep. 像……一样
eg. I don’t like boys like Johnson. 我不喜欢像约翰逊那样的孩子。
eg. Don’t talk to your mother like that.
eg. Don’t talk to your mother like this.
英语中的第二人称you是泛指，有“任何人”之意：
eg. You must be able to obey it. 任何人都必须遵守它。
or: One must be able to obey it.
eg. You are not allowed to smoke here! 此地不许抽烟！
eg. You must never tell lies. 千万不能说谎。
Special Difficulties
Exercises:用适当的词填空
1) You can only learn if you ( look after/ ).
2) Don’t forget to ( / remember) me about it tomorrow.
3) The police ( is knocking/ ) at the door.
4) Our neighbours will ( pay attention to/ ) our house when we are away.
5) (Remind me/ ) to your wife.
1. This is a . No Parking' area. Cars aren't allowed in this____.
A. district B. country C. surrounding D. kingdom
分析：A地区、行政区；'B国家、乡村；c周围环境；D王国。
答案是A
2. You will enjoy your stay. It will ______ you.
A. amuse B. enjoy C. laugh D. please
分析：A使快乐、使娱乐、使消遣意思不准确；
B享受。o。快乐，喜爱；它的主语通常是人。sb enjoys sth某人喜欢某事物，不能以it作主语；C嘲笑，含义错误；
D使高兴，使喜欢；sth please sb某事物使某人高兴
答案是D
3. This note is only a reminder. It will help______.
A. you remind B. your souvenir C. your remembrance D. you to remember
分析：A帮助你提醒；B你的纪念品；D他会帮助你记得；C你的记忆你的回忆。
答案为D
4. Because she had not lessoned to the lecture carefully last night, she ______
in the examination this morning.
A. failed B. felt C. defeated D. lost
因为她昨晚没有认真听讲座，所以今天早上考试她不及格
分析：
A表示失败、考试不及格；
B felt为feel的过去分词、感觉、认为；
表示战胜、打败、以人为宾语；D表示输掉；
答案为A
量词
a proportion of 一部分；一份
例: A small proportion of the people were not in favor of him.
一小部分人不赞成他。
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