牛津沪教版英语八年级上状语从句与宾语从句专题

八年级上状语从句与宾语从句专题 一、状语概述 1、定义：修饰谓语动词或某个句子的“词，短语，句子”； 用来说明谓语动词发生的时间、地点、方式、因果、条件、让步、目的、程度等。 2、什么可以作状语： 1)副词（短语）作状语： The boy needs a pen very much./男孩非常需要一支钢笔。（程度状语） The boy really needs a pen./男孩真的需要一支钢笔。（程度状语） The boy needs a pen now./Now,the boy needs a pen./男孩现在需要一支钢笔。（时间状语） 2)介词短语作状语： In the classroom,the boy needs a pen./在教室里，男孩需要一支钢笔。（地点状语） Before his mother,Tom is always a boy./在母亲面前,汤姆总是一个男孩子.(条件状语) On Sundays,there is no student in the classroom./星期天,教室里没有学生.(时间状语) 3)分词（短语）作状语： He sits there,asking for a pen./他坐在那儿要一支笔。（表示伴随状态） Having to finish his homework,the boy needs a pen. 因为不得不完成作业，男孩需要一支笔。（原因状语） Frightened,he sits there soundlessly./（因为）受了惊吓，他无声地坐在那儿。（原因状语） 4)不定式作状语： The boy needs a pen to do his homework./男孩需要一支笔写家庭作业。（目的状语） To make his dream come true,Tom becomes very interested in business. 教学过程 为实现梦想,汤姆变得对商业很有兴趣. 5)句子做状语： He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China. 在他来中国之前，他已经掌握了一些中文。 二、 状语从句的分类 1. 时间状语从句 (1)时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连词来引导。例如： It was raining hard when we got to school yesterday. While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang. As he walked along the lake, he sang happily. He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China. After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory. (2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如： I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to New York. I will tell him everything when he comes back. He won’t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes. (3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……”, “在……以前不……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如： The young man read till the light went out. 1 / 12

牛津沪教版英语八年级上状语从句与宾语从句专题

Let’s wait until the rain stops. We won’t start until Bob comes. Don’t get off until the bus stops. [Practice] I didn’t know he came back I met him in the street. A. since B. when C. until D. after 请填入适当的引导词 I haven’t heard from him _____ he went to America . We found the books two days ____ he had gone away . Do not leave the room _____ you have finished the test. 2. 条件状语从句 (1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导。例如： What shall we do if it snows tomorrow? Don’t leave the building unless I tell you to. (2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如： I’ll help you with your English if am free tomorrow. He won’t be late unless he is ill. (3)“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如： Hurry up, or you’ll be late. =If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late. Study hard and you will pass the exam. =If you study hard, you will pass the exam. [Practice] 1. If you late tomorrow morning, you won’t catch the early bus. A. get up B. don’t get up C. will get up 3. 原因状语从句 (1)原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。例如： He didn’t come to school because he was ill. As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo. Since you can’t answer the question, I’ll ask someone else. (2)because表示直接原因，语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题，只能用because。As和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例如： ------Why aren’t going there? ------Because I don’t want to. As he has no car, he can’t get there easily. Since we have no money, we can’t buy it. (3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。 [Practice] 1. I keep an English diary it helps me improve my writing skill. A. how B. when C. because D. if 2 / 12

牛津沪教版英语八年级上状语从句与宾语从句专题

2. his leg was hurt, he walked slowly. A. Because; so B. Because; / C. Although; but D. Although; / 3. .I collect toys because they are beautiful. (对画线部分提问) you collect toys? 4. 结果状语从句 (1)结果状语从句由so…that, such…that, so that引导。例如： He is so poor that he can’t buy a bike for his son. She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her. My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldn’t see it. (2)so…that语such...that可以互换。例如： 在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是: “...so + 形容词（副词）+ that + 从句”。例如： He was so glad that he couldn’t say a word. The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people. Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever see her. 在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。例如： It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything. He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling. He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term. 有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。例如： It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again. =The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again. It is such an important match that nobody wants to miss it. =The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it. (3)如果名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时，只能用so, 不用such。例如： Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses. He has so little time that he can’t go to the cinema with you. [Practice] ( ) 1. This exercise is difficult . A. so; that few of us can do B. so; that few of us can do it C. too; for anyone of us to do D. too; for anyone of us to do it 2. This math problem is so easy that I can work it out. (改为简单句) This math problem is to work out. 5. 比较状语从句 比较状语从句通常由as…as, 比较级 + than…等连词引导。例如： Tom runs faster than John does. This classroom is as big as that one. 3 / 12

牛津沪教版英语八年级上状语从句与宾语从句专题

[Practice] ( )1.Our village has changed a lot, and it becomes_________before. A. so beautiful as B. as beautifully as C. more beautiful than D. much more beautiful ( )2. Don’t just believe the advertisement. That kind of camera is __________ it says. A. as good as B. not as good as C. as well as D. not as well as 6. 目的状语从句 1)目的状语从句通常由 so that, in order that（为了，以便）引导。例如： We started early so that we could catch the first train. He studies hard so that he could work better in the future. We used the computer in order that we might save time. 2） so that既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。 区别这两种从句的办法有两个： 目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can, could, may, might等。 从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如： Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (目的状语从句) Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest. (结果状语从句) 7. 让步状语从句 (1)让步状语从句通常由although, though等连词引导。例如： Though he is young, he knows a lot. Although I am tired, I must go on working. (2)although(though)不能与but用在同一个句子中。例如： 不能说：Though it was raining hard, but he still went out. 应该说：Though it was raining hard, he still went out.或It was raining hard, but he still went out. [Practice] 1.You’ll be late ______ you don’t get up early tomorrow morning. A. if B. when C. before D. until 2.If he ______ on time, we will go without him A. doesn’t come B. don’t come C. didn’t come 3.If you _______ him tomorrow, please ask him if he ______ to work on the farm with us. A. see ; goes B. will see; goes C. will see; will go D. see; will go 8. 地点状语从句 地点状语从句常常由where来引导。例如： Where there is a will, there is a way. [Practice] ( )1.You should let your children play _________ you can see them. A. where B. when C. in which D. that ( )2.The school was built _________ there had once been a church. A. where B. when C. in which D. That 9.方式状语从句 4 / 12

牛津沪教版英语八年级上状语从句与宾语从句专题

方式状语从句常由as来引导。例如： The students do as the teachers say. 三、引导各类状语从句的连词 类别 时间状语从句 地点状语从句 原因状语从句 目的状语从句 结果状语从句 条件状语从句 让步状语从句 比较状语从句 方式状语从句 连词 when, whenever, while, as, before, after, since, till, once where, wherever because, since, as, for, now that in order that, so that, etc. so…that, so that, such…that, that, etc. if, unless, as(so)long as, in case that etc. though, although, even if, even though, however, whatever, as, etc. as…as, so…as, than, etc. as, as if, as though, etc. ★真题链接 2011年上海 37. Take the exam carefully, ______ you won’t get full marks. A) but B) and C) or D) so 38. We didn’t start our discussion ______ everybody arrived. A) since B) if C) while D) until 2012年上海 31. Martin and his friends didn't eat up all the food they ordered, ______ they took the rest away. A) for B) or C) so D) as 32. Peter will cook for his parents ______ the International Day of Families comes. A) unless B) when C) until D) though 67. Choose the perfect grapes only, or you won't be able to make the best wine. (保持句意基本不变) You ________ be able to make the best wine ________ you choose the perfect grapes only. 2013年上海 42．Which do you prefer to use to keep in touch with your friends，QQ__________MSN? A)and B)but C)or D)so 43．I hate travelling by air__________ you usually have to wait for hours before the plane takes off. A)because B)though C)until D)unless 70．This year’s car exhibition was very special．It attracted many visitors．(合并为一句) This year’s car exhibition was__________ special__________ it attracted many visitors． 2014年上海 21. — Would you like to go to the cartoon show with me? — It sounds like fun, __________ I’m too busy. A) so B) for C) or D) but 22. John didn’t give up looking for a job _______ he got an offer from a German company. A) until B) since C) because D) if 宾语从句 一、引导词 （1）由that 引导的陈述句性的宾语从句，在很多动词如say, think, wish , hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear , feel等动词后。连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不做句子的成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常5 / 12

牛津沪教版英语八年级上状语从句与宾语从句专题

被省略。 I told him that he was wrong. 在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词引起的宾语从句中，有时谓语尽管是否定意义，却不用否定形式，而将think 等动词变为否定形式。（见语法：否定转移） I don’t think you are right. (我认为你做的不对) 在许多带有复合宾语的句子中，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面，而用it做形式宾语。 We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone (我认为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的) （2） 由连词if、 whether 引导的表示“是否…”的宾语从句。 Whether, if 在从句中不做句子的成分，一般情况下，whether和if 可以替换。 I don’t know if/whether he will come tomorrow. 在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导 Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导. I don’t know whether the movie star will come or not. 和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导 Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided. （3）由wh-引导的宾语从句。连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how 等连接的宾语从句，它们在句中即有连接从句的作用，又在句中充当句子的成分。 Do you know which film they are talking about? (which做定语) I don’t know where he lives. (where 做地点状语) 二、宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序，既连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分 I believe that they will come soon. 特例：有下列常见的问句，作为从句出现，是“不改变语句顺序”的。 1. What's the matter? 2. What's wrong? 3. What's up？ 4. What's the problem? 5. What's your trouble? 三、宾语从句的时态 宾语从句的时态受主句的限制即：主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定；主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。如果从句的动作发生在主句之前，则从句要用过去完成时态。 1) She says that she is a student.→ She said that she was a student. 2)She says that she will fly to Japan in a week. → She said that she would fly to Japan in a week. 3)She says that she has finished her homework already. → She said that she had finished her homework already. （1）如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。 The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. （2）Could you tell me…是用来征询对方的意见，语气委婉，并不表示过去。 Could you tell me when we will visit the Histury Museum? （3）由陈述句变成宾语从句时，要注意人称的变化。 She said: “I have been to England before.” → She said that she had been to England before. She asked me: “Do you like maths?” → She asked me if I liked maths. （4）宾语从句与简单句的交换。 由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句，如果宾语从句的主语和主句的主语是同一个人时，可以用“疑问词+不定式”做宾语的简单句结构。 I don’t know what I should do next. → I don’t know what to do next. 宾语从句练习题 6 / 12

牛津沪教版英语八年级上状语从句与宾语从句专题

1. I don't know _________ he will come tomorrow. _________ he comes, I'll tell you． A. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C. if; That D. if; If 2. I don't know _________ the day after tomorrow. A. when does he come B. how will he come C. if he comes D. whether he'll come 3. Could you tell me _________ the nearest hospital is? A. what B. how C. whether D. where 4. Could you tell me _________ the radio without any help? A. how did he mend B. what did he mend C. how he mended D. what he mended 5. I want to know _________. A. whom is she looking after B. whom she is looking C. whom is she looking D. whom she is looking after 6. Do you know where _________ now? A. he lives B. does he live C. he lived D. did he live 7. Do you know what time _________? A. the train leave B. does the train leave C. will the train leave D. the train leaves 8. I don't know _________. Can you tell me, please? A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two players C. the two players are how old D. how old the two players are 9. The small children don't know _________. A. what is their stockings in B. what is in their stockings C. where is their stockings in D. what in their stockings 10. I can't understand _________. A. what does Christmas mean B. what Christmas does mean C. what mean Christmas does D. what Christmas means 按要求转换句型 1. Does Mr. Brown enjoy living in China? Could you tell us?（改写句子） →Could you tell us _________ Mr. Brown _________ living in China? 2. \"Does the girl need any help?” he asked me.（变为复合句） →He asked me _________ the girl _________ some help． 3. Jim is not a student. Tom is not a student, either.（合并为一个句子） _________ Jim _________Tom is a student. 4. When does the train leave? I want to know.（改为含宾语从句的复合句） I want to know _________ the train _________. 5. They went home after they had finished their homework. (用not．．．until改写) They _________ go home _________ they had finished their homework． 6. Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know. (改为含宾语从句的复合句) Li Lei wants to know _________ Peter _________ here yesterday. ★真题链接 2011年上海 68. Are there any new markets in Asia? The sales manager wants to know. (合并为一句) The sales manager wants to know __________ there __________ any new markets in Asia. 2012年上海 33. Jenny told me that she ______ an English Speech Contest the next month. 7 / 12

牛津沪教版英语八年级上状语从句与宾语从句专题

A) takes part in B) is taking part in C) took part in D) would take part in 68. \"Is it the first boys-only school in the city?\" asked a parent. (改为宾语从句) A parent asked ________ it ________ the first boys-only school in the city. 2013年上海 46．The official said they__________ a new law to protect the tourists the next year． A)makes B)would make C)made D)have made 73．“Who is responsible for the food safety problem?’’ asked the reporter．(改为宾语从句) The reporter asked__________ __________responsible for the food safety problem. 2014年上海 65.The girl wondered where she would meet her friends the next morning. (改为简单句) The girl wondered__________ __________meet her friends the next morning. 67.John asked, “Can you look after my pet dog while I’m away?” (合成宾语从句) John asked __________I __________look after his pet dog while he was away. 2014二模 虹口区 36. －________ are you always surfing the Internet these days? －To find some information about cooking. A) What B) Why C) Where D) Who 37. Jane, eat less junk food like fried chicken wings, ________ you will be healthier. A) or B) and C) however D) so 40. Get prepared _______ you can set out immediately if something happens. A) after B) since C) while D) so that 闸北区 40. Bobby didn’t have dinner ___he finished designing the plans. A. while B. if C. until D. Since 奉贤区 33.The bus driver always says to us: “Don’t get off ______ the bus stops.” 金山区 34.Nowadays scientists are working hard to find out ______ to do with air pollution. A) how B) why C) when D) what 杨浦区 37. You should go to bed early, ____________you will feel tired in the morning. A. or B. but C. and D. So 40. __________there are many advantages of television, some people are not satisfied with it. A. until B. Since C. Although D. When 徐汇区 37. The eggs will go bad soon in such hot weather ________ they are put in the fridge. A. although B. because C. unless D. until 普陀区 35. We should never give up hopes _______ life is full of difficulties. A) unless B) until C) though D) because 静安区 A) when B) while C) until D) if 8 / 12

牛津沪教版英语八年级上状语从句与宾语从句专题

39. The Chinese ship had tried for thirteen hours_______ it was able to break the thick ice. A) before B) after C) because D) when 2015一模 静安区 7. Jenny’s pen-pal will come to see her this weekend, _________ she is happy to welcome her guest. A: or B: but C: so D: while 10. You won’t find a good solution ___________ you put your heart into the project on environment. A: unless B: if C: though D: because 宝山区 39. China is a developing country, ________ it plays a big role in global economy(全球经济) A) or B) but C) however D) and 长宁区 35. _____ Jenny was reading a book yesterday, someone knocked at the door. A) Since B) While C) Although D) If 奉贤区 38. You won’t catch the last bus you hurry up. A. if B. when C. unless D. because 虹口区 33. You can choose to clean the dining room ________ go shopping with your grandma. A) and B) but C) so D) or 嘉定区 26. This morning I got up early ______ be late for the English Exam. A.in order to B.in order to not C.so as to D.so as not to 27. You will be out of date ______ you keep on studying from time to time. A.until B.although C.or D.unless 金山区 37. __________ it rains this Saturday, we’ll have a picnic in Century Park. A) if B) Unless C) Because D) When 闵行区 36. I failed in the driving test last time, ______I have to take it again next month. A. and B. but C. so D. or ( ) 37. You won't calculate faster than computers ______you have a really amazing brain. A. if B. unless C. when D. because 浦东区 34. Jenny often thinks of herself, her sister, Mary is very friendly to others. A. so B. but C. and D. or 35. The old man still coughed a lot he took some medicine. A. if B. since C. because D. although 普陀区 35.The brave firemen didn’t stop working _________ all people were saved. A until B because C since D if 9 / 12

牛津沪教版英语八年级上状语从句与宾语从句专题

徐汇区 40. The organizer (主办方)decided to cancel the concert ________ the tickets didn’t sell very well. A) if B) until C) although D) because 杨浦区 37. the government has promised to improve road safety, little has been achieved so far. A) If B) Although C) Unless D) Because 40.The house was just what 1 wanted, it was the right price. A) or B) but C) and D) so 闸北区 28. Jenny won’t tell the secret to anyone____ she knows many people are eager to find it out. A) though B)since C) because D) but 松江区 30You'd better take the GPS with you ________you won't get lost. A. as soon as B. so that C. because D. now that31.Some citizens grow vegetables themselves ______they are worried about the safety of the food. A. if B. although C. until D. because2015二模 闵行区 38. New ways of reading have been invented, ______we still like the old ones---books. A) and B)but C) so D)or 39. The artist didn’t stop improving his painting _____he got satisfied. A) unless B) because C) when D) until 嘉定区 31. Everyone knows fire is very useful in our daily life, it is also dangerous. A) so B) or C) because D) but 33. Mrs. White walks a dog in the park nearby every morning it’s rainy or windy. A) since 黄浦区 A) for B) but C) so D) or 40. You will be late for the train _______you don't hurry up now. A) when B) if C) because D) unless 普陀区 35. I had already learnt a lot about that famous scientist I met him. A) until B) before C) after D) although 松江区 34. My father didn’t give up smoking _______ the doctor told him to do so. A) but 奉贤区 A) if B) when C) until D) after B) because C) unless D) until 39. The post is free, _______there's no need for you to buy a stamp. 37. Children are taught to give their teeth a good brush ______ they go to bed. B) after C) because D) before 40. I remembered everything else ______ I forgot about the beach towels. A) or B) but C) and D) so 浦东区 36. Take the exam carefully, _ _ you won't get good marks. A) and B) or C) so D) but 37. I will telephone the police and complain about it_ _ the noise stops soon. 10 / 12

牛津沪教版英语八年级上状语从句与宾语从句专题

A)unless B)though C) because D) if 崇明县 36. Excuse me, I’m afraid this is a no-smoking area. A) for B) but C) so D) or 37. We didn’t enjoy the holiday the weather was so awful. A) though B) if C) unless D) because 长宁区 35. Jane, you have been reading for two hours. Have a rest, ______ you may have a clear mind. A) and B) but C) or D) so 36. The film Wolf Totem tells us wolves will die out ______ we give them good areas of forest to live in. A) as B) though C) because D) unless 杨浦区 37. Over 40 per cent of Chinese citizens still breathe polluted air, ______ the situation is slowly improving. A) until B) unless C) because D) though 43.Chinese football won't be improved ________school students receive football education at the early age. A) after B) since C) unless D) though 1. We bought Granny a present, ________ she didn't like it. A. but B. and C. or D. so 2. Run quickly, ________ we'll miss the early train. A. and B. but C. so D. or 3. I'll give the book to him ________ he comes back. A. since B. as soon as C. before D. until 4. Don't cross the road ________ the light turns green. A. when B. while C. until D. as 5. Miss Gao has been a teacher ________ 1990. A. before B. after C. since D. in 6. - Which would you like better, tea ________ milk? - Tea, please. A. but B. and C. or D. with 7. We love spring ________ there's beautiful flowers every where. A. though B. but C. or D. because 8. Please leave ________ 7∶00, then you'll be able to get ________ there earlier. A. till, in B. from, / C. before, / D. behind, to 9. The teacher didn't begin the lesson ________ all the students stopped talking. 11 / 12

牛津沪教版英语八年级上状语从句与宾语从句专题

A. until B. after C. if D. because 10. Betty didn't go to see the film yesterday ________ she was ill. A. but B. until C. if D. because 11. You must start right now, ________ you'll miss the train. A. for B. and C. so D. or 12. ________ he is a child of six, he can read and write. A. Whose B. If C. Though D. Because 13. I like fish, ________ chicken, ________ eggs. A. and, and B. and, with C. /, and D. and, / 14. Take this dictionary with you ________ you may use it in class. A. when B. in order to C. but D. so that 15. I hope ________ will be fine tomorrow. A. it B. what C. whether D. when 16. ________ she was not well, I decided to go without her. A. Though B. As C. When D. Because of 17. My aunt bought me ________ many story books that I spent a lot of time them. A. such…on B. such…in C. too…in D. so…on 18. Mother was cooking ________ she ________ a knock at the door. A. when, listen to B. while, listened to C. while, heard D. when, heard 19. Speak slowly, ________ we can understand you. A. and B. or C. if D. because 20. You'll learn English well ________ you put your heart into it. A. if B. so C. until D. or 21. I won't let you in ________ you show me your pass. A. until B. for C. since D. because 22. She didn't go to school ________ she was ill. A. why B. because C. where D. but 12 / 12