英语名词单数变复数

英语名词单数变复数口诀

(一) 规则变化

名词单数变复数，直接加 -s 占多数；

s, x, z, ch, sh 来结尾，直接加上 -es；

词尾是 f 或 fe，加 -s 之前先变 ve；

辅母 + y 在词尾，把 y 变 i 再加 -es；

词尾字母若是 o，常用三个已足够，要加 -es 请记好，hero, tomato, potato。

(二) 不规则变化

男人女人 a 变 e，鹅足牙 oo 变 ee；

老鼠虱婆也好记，ous 变 ic；

孩子加上 ren，鱼鹿绵羊不用变。

【解说】

1. 英语名词有单数和复数的区别，单数表示“一”，复数表示“多于一。”名词由单数变复数，多数是规则的变，直接加 -s，例如：book → books, girl → girls。但

以 -s, -z, -x, -ch, -sh 结尾的名词，变成复数时加 -es, 例如：bus → buses, buzz → buzzes, box → boxes, watch → watches, brush → brushes

2. -f(e) 结尾的名词单数变复数歌诀：① 树叶半数自已黄，妻子拿刀去割粮，架后窜出一只狼，就像强盗逃命忙。② 妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌，躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮目光。例如：leaf (树叶，叶子)，half (一半)，self (自已)，wife (妻子)，knife (刀子)，shelf (架子)，wolf (狼), thief (窃贼，强盗) 和 life (生命)，这些名词变成复数时，都要改 -f (e) 为 v，再加 -es。

3. -f 结尾的名词直接加 -s 变复数歌诀：海湾边、屋顶上，首领奴仆两相望；谁说他们无信仰，证据写在手帕上。例如：gulf, roof, chief, serf, belief, proof, handkerchief，这些名词变复数直接加 -s。

注：scarf(围巾；披风) 可以先改 f 为 ve 再加-s，也可直接加 -s。

4. 辅音字母 + y 结尾的名词，把 y 变 i 加 -es。例如：baby → babies, country → countries, family → families；而 -y 前是元音时，-y 不变，直接加 -s。例如：day → days, boy → boys

5. 以 -o 结尾的名词变复数时，多数直接加 -s。例如：radio → radios, piano → pianos, kangaroo → kangaroos；有的须加 -es，中学课本中有几个这样的单词，可以通过一句口诀来记忆：黑人英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆。即：Negro → Negroes, hero → heroes, tomato → tomatoes, potato → potatoes；有的以 o 结尾的名词既可加 -s 也可加 -es。例如：volcano (火山) → volcanos / volcanoes 等。

6. 名词复数的不规则变化需要特别记忆。例如：man → men, woman → women, goose → geese, foot → feet, tooth → teeth, mouse

→

mice, louse (

虱

子) → lice, child → children, fish → fish, deer (鹿) → deer, sheep → sheep 等。

7. 初中课本中表示“某国人”的名词复数形式变化可通过歌诀记忆：中日不变英法变，其余 -s 加后面。例如：Chinese → Chinese, Japanese → Japanese；

Englishman → Englishmen, Englishwoman → Englishwomen, Frenchman → Frenchmen, Frenchwoman → Frenchwomen；

American → Americans, Rusian → Rusians, Arab → Arabs, German → Germans 等。

不规则名词复数：

man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice

child-children, foot-feet,. tooth-teeth, fish-fish, sheep-sheep

people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese,当people后加上s时即peoples表示“民族”例如There are 56 peoples in China.

以下词为常为不可数名词，他们的复数形式就是他们本身。

water(水) milk(牛奶) tea(茶) rice(米饭) orange（橙汁）juice（果汁）bread（面包）

不可数名词的数量关系可借助量词表示，如。a cup of tea two cups of tea

名词复数练习题

1）.填入所给名词的正确形式

1. I have two_____ (knife)

2. There are many _____ here. (box)

3. There are many _____ on the road. (bus)

4. A few _____ are drawing on the wall. (boy)

5. The _____ are playing football now. (child)

2）选择填空

1. They come from different ______

A. country B. countries C. a country D. countrys

2. How many ______ do you see in the picture?

A. tomatos B. tomatoes C. tomato D. the tomato

3. There are some ______ in these _______.

A.knifes„pencil-boxes B.knives„pencils-box C.knives„pencil-box D.knives„pencils-boxes

4. There is no ______ in the plate.

A. apples B. oranges C. rice D. eggs

5. _______ are good for our health.

A. Tomatos B. Tomatoes C. Tomato

6. I like to eat cake with ______.

A. cherries B. cherry C.cherrys

7. ______ and ______ are not friends.

A. Foxs„wolfs B.Foxes wolfs C.Foxes„wolves

8. Do you want to drink much?

A.a milk B.milk C.milks

9. This is ______ room. It’s very big.

A.Lily and Lucy’s B.Lily’s and Lucy’s C.Lily’s and Lucy

10. Do you want some ______ for supper?

A、a potato B、potatoes C、potatos

11. In autumn，you can see a lot of______on the ground.

A、leaf B、leafs C、leaves

12. My sister has two ______ . One is old，the other is new.

A、a watch B、watchs C、watches

13.There ______on the wall .They are very beautiful.

A. are photoes B. are photos C. is a photo D. is photos

14. That’s ______ art book.

A. an B. a C. the D are

15. There______two______ in the box.

A. is watch B. are watches C. are watch D. is watches

3）请用括号中名词的正确形式填空

1． Look at those _______. (child)

2． I can see a __________ standing near the door. (policeman)

3． Do you want some ________ for dinner? (potato)

4． In autumn, you can see a lot of _______ on the ground.(leaf)

5． He has two _______.One is blue , the other is yellow.( box)

6． Two ________ live in this building .( family )

4）选择正确的词形

1． How many (radioes, radios) can you see?

2．There are 36 (boys, boies) in my class.

3． Look at those (sheeps, sheep).

4． I don’t want (a, an) old cup.

5． Give me that (box, boxes), please.

5）将以下单复数句进行转换

1． This is a knife.

___________________________________

2． That is a tomato.

___________________________________

3． That child is very good.

___________________________________

4 .These are mice.

___________________________________

5． Those are children.

___________________________________

答案

1.knives boxes buses boys children

2.BBDCB ACBAB CCBAB

3.Children policeman potatoes leaves boxes families

4.Radios boys sheep an box

5.These are knives.

Those are tomatoes.

Those children are very good.

This is a mouse .

That is a child.

写出以下单词的复数形式

1.book 2.girl 3. wife 4. watch ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( 6. proof 7. wolf 8. hero 9. box )

10. potato 5. country

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

11. radio 12. bus 13. leaf 14. family 15. boy

( ) 16. man ( ) 21. piano ( ) 26. foot ( ) 31. tooth ( ) 36.photo ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( 17. mouse 18. child 19. deer ( ) ( ) ( ) ( 22. buzz 23. tomato 24. brush ( ) ( ) ( ) ( 27. fish 28. sheep 29. policeman ( ) ( ) ( ) ( 32. louse 33.kangaroo 34. woman ( ) ( ) ( ) ( 37.cherry 38.rice 39.milk ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

20. goose )

25. baby )

30. day

)

35. water

)

40.bread

)

41.egg 42.orange 43.apple 44.book 45.juice

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

以下为附加题

46. gulf 47.roof 48.chief 49.serf 50. belief

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

答案：

1.books 2.girls 3.wives 4.watches 5. countries

6.prooves 7.wolves 8.heroes 9.boxes 10. potatoes

11. radios 12. buses 13.leaves 14. families 15. boys

16.men 17.mice 18. children 19. deer 20. geese

21. pianos 22. buzzes 23. tomatoes 24. brushes 25. babies

26.feet 27. fish 28. sheep 29. policemen 30. days

31. teeth 32. lice 33. kangaroos 34. women 35. water

36.photos 37.cherries 38.rice 39.milk 40.bread

41.eggs 42.oranges 43.apples 44.books 45.juice

46. gulfs 47.roofs 48.chiefs 49.serfs 50. beliefs

f结尾直接加s的特殊情况：

例如：gulf, roof, chief, serf, belief, handkerchief，这些名词变复数直接加 -s。

注：scarf(围巾；披风) 可以先改 f 为 ve 再加-s，也可直接加 -s。