高2010级英语语法专项练习十 英语句子结构
前测题：
1． _____ and I‟ll get the work finished. （06/重庆／27）
A .Have one more hour B.One more hour
C.Give one more hour D.If I have one more hour 2． —Is that the small town you often refer to?
—Right, just the one_____ you know I used to work for years.（2005福建） A． that B． which C． where D． what 3．At the foot of the mountain ___.(06/四川/28)
A. a village lie B. lies a village C. does a village lie D. lying a village
4. It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year,_____ for the first time in years their team won the World Cup. (2000北京春)
A. that B. while C. which D. when 5. —Why are you making a long neck?
—I‟m looking forward_____ what is going on over there. A. see B. to see C. to seeing D. seeing
6. The workers will go on strike if the demands they____ put forward are turned down.（2006福建） A. could B. would C. 不填 D. had
7. Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class_____ he had to meet his uncle at the airport. （2006重庆卷）
A. why B. that C. where D. because
8. He found it increasingly difficult to read, ______ his eyesight was beginning to fail.(2008山东) A. though B. for C. but D. so
9. Why! I have nothing to confess._____you want me to say? (2004上海)
A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that
10. A story goes_____ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court. （2004上海）
A. when B. where C. what D. that
11. —What did your parents think about your decision?
—They always let me do_____ I think I should. （2006全国Ⅱ） A. when B. that C. how D. what
12. 7.(2008天津) The last time we had great fun was ____ we were visiting the Water Park。 A. where B. how C. when D. why
13. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street but his mother told him___. (1995全国)
A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not do
14. ─ Will you be able to finish your report today? ─ _____________. (06/全国II/6)
A. I like it B. I hope so C. I'll do so D. I'd love it 15. ─ It's burning hot today, isn't it? ─ Yes. ____ yesterday. (06/福建/34)
A. So was it B. So it was C. So it is D. So is it
1
突破英语的核心——句子结构
英语学习中的苦恼: 1、阅读时读不懂长句,或者只能读懂大意,无法做到精确理解;
2、听力中遇到长句,跟不上录音的速度,无法完整地吸收全部内容.
其实,这归根到底就是对英语句子结构的陌生, 突破英语的核心——句子结构
一 句子类型
句子按其用途可分为：陈述句，疑问句，祈使句，感叹句； 句子按其结构可分为: 简单句, 并列句, 复合句。
二 陈述句, 疑问句, 祈使句, 感叹句
（一）陈述句(肯定, 否定)
陈述句的功能是传递信息，提供情况，肯定或否定某事，其结构特征为主语在前，谓语在后，句尾用句号。陈述句分为肯定陈述句和否定陈述句。肯定陈述句变为否定陈述句的转换规则通常是助动词或第一个助动词之后加否定词not。如. They news made them excited. I did not know what the future held of marvel or surprise for me.
在否定陈述句中否定词可以不用not，而用no, never, hardly, seldom，none, nothing等。 如：Feeling ashamed accomplished nothing. 感到惭愧毫无益处。 （二）疑问句(一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句,附加疑问句)
疑问句的功能是提出问题，询问情况;可分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和附加疑问句。 1.一般疑问句
一般疑问句用来询问一件事情是否属实，通常用yes或no来回答.由肯定陈述句转换为一般疑问句可以有两种形式，一种是词序不变，这种形式在口语中常用；另一种是用助动词或第一个助动词与主语倒装，这是一般疑问句的最常用形式。如：
Maria : That is OK. I have got my plastic. --- You mean your credit card? Maria : No, my bank card. Maria: I like the style. ------- Do they fit all right? ？ 2.特殊疑问句
对句中某一特殊部分提出疑问，通常以who, what, which, whose, when, 等疑问词开头，句尾用问号。 ①特殊疑问句一般由“疑问词 + 一般疑问句”构成，但是如果疑问词是这个疑问句的主语（或主语的一部分）时，则按陈述句语序排列，也就是“疑问词 + 谓语动词”。特殊疑问句的答语必须针对疑问词，问什么，答什么。
如：W: What do you mean by sending me pears on my wedding day?That is terrible. T：Why? What's wrong with that?You like them.
② 特殊疑问句的特殊结构常见的有以下几种，这些结构主要用于口语中： A. 疑问词+ do you believe/think/ suppose +陈述词序
Which do you think is the easiest instrument for people to learn to play? B. What if... ? = What will (would) happen if... ?
C. How come = How does it happen that... ? 或Why is it that... ?
D. Why (not) do = Why (should you) (not) do eg.But we both love hot food. Why not take a chance? E. What (How) about... ?=What is there about... ? eg.So how about applying for that? Pay, $6 an hour. 3. 选择疑问句 (or)
选择疑问句提出两个或两个以上可能的答案供对方选择。此类疑问句有两种形式：一种是以一般疑问句结构为基础；另一种以特殊疑问句结构为基础。如：
2
Did you want a black or a white film?
In social problems, who have more troubles, middle-aged people or young people? 4. 附加疑问句 (反意疑问句)
附加疑问句由陈述部分＋疑问部分构成。附加疑问句有两种：一种是“肯定陈述＋否定疑问”,另一种是“否定陈述＋肯定疑问”。陈述部分和疑问部分的助动词/情态动词,时态应一致。 I agree, but you're living in a student hostel, aren't you? You didn't forget our sports shoes, did you? (1)附加疑问句的构成有如下规则：
①．陈述部分的主语为不定代词anything, something, nothing或指示代词this, that等或从句或非限定动词短语时，附加疑问句中的代词用it；陈述部分的主语为不定代词anyone, someone, everyone, neither, nobody, no one... 或指示代词these, those等时，附加疑问句中的代词用they。 Nothing was said, was it? Somebody borrowed my coat yesterday, didn't they？ ②陈述部分为there be句型时，附加疑问句中仍用there be结构。
如：There won't be any trouble, will there?
③．肯定的祈使句的附加疑问句部分用will （won‟t）you；否定的祈使句只能用“will you”。 如：Barry! Come here, will you? Don't buy packets of potato crisps, will you?
④陈述部分用 let's时，附加疑问部分用 shall (shan't) we；而陈述部分用 let us时，附加疑问部分用 will (won't) you。
如：Let's forget it, shall we? Let us go now, will you? Let me finish,_________?
⑤陈述部分含有否定副词如not, no, no one, none, neither, nobody, nothing, never, 以及半否定词seldom, hardly, barely, rarely, scarcely或否定代词如 few, little等时，疑问部分用肯定式。如：You don't know where Karen is, do you? That hardly count, does it?
⑥大多数情况下，附加疑问句应与陈述部分的主句一致，但当主句为I suppose/think,/I believe/consider/guess/imagine/am afraid等时，附加疑问句应根据其后的宾语从句中的主、谓语一致。但这种句型中的主句若为否定句，附加疑问句要用肯定式。如： I suppose he ought to have known that, oughtn't he? I don't suppose anyone will volunteer, will they?
⑦ 当陈述部分含有否定意思的词是unhappy,dislike,unfriendly等含有否定词缀的派生词时，疑问部 分要用否定形式。如：He looks unhappy,doesn't he? ⑧⑩当陈述部分有情态动词must，问句有4种情况：
1）mustn't表示“禁止，不可”时，附加问句通常要用must. You mustn't stop your car here,must you?
2）must表示“有必要”时，附加问句通常要用needn't. They must finish the work today,needn't they? 3）当must用来表示对现在的情况进行推测时，问句通常要根据must后面的动词采用相应的形式。
E.g. He must be good at English,isn't he? He must have a lot of money, doesn‟t he? 4）当must+have done表示对过去的情况进行推测（一般有明确的过去时间状语），问句要根据陈述部分谓语的情况用“didn't+主语”或“wasn't/weren't+主语”；如果强调动作的完成（一般没有明确的过去时间状语），问句要用“haven't/hasn't+主语”。
She must have read the novel last week,didn't she? You must told her about it,haven't you? (2)反意疑问句的回答用yes， no， 但是，当陈述部分是否定形式时，回答要按事实。如：
3
They don‟t work hard, do they? Yes, they do. 不，他们工作努力。 (三) 祈使句 (肯定，否定)
祈使句主要交际功能是写出命令和指示，提出要求、建议、劝告等。祈使句主语you通常省略，以动词原形开头。否定式则在动词前加don't或用never。如：
Take a slow walk . Don't be surprised if you are invited to a Christimas party. 但对话中如果有多人在场，就须把祈使对象表示出来，以明确该指示为谁而发，不管祈使对象是谁，动词还是用原形。如：You be quiet! Somebody open this door. 祈使句常见的特殊结构：
① 无动词祈使句：此类祈使句常用于口号、告示等，简洁明了。如：
Off with the lid! 把盖子拿掉！ Five minutes earlier and we could have caught the last bus. ② 祈使句可以表示条件意义。（祈使句与后面的句子是顺承关系时用and,当二者存在一种否定条件关系时用or。）如：Do that again and you'll be in trouble.
= If you do that again, you'll be in trouble. （改用条件从句时，务必注意去掉and,而改用逗号）。 （四） 感叹句(what,how)
感叹句是一种强烈感情的句式。感叹句主要有以下几种：
① 以what开头的感叹句，其结构为What a(n) +（形容词）+单数名词+谓语；
What +形容词+复数名词/不可数名词+主语+谓语
如：What a fuss she made! What lovely flowers (they are)!
② 以how开头的感叹句，其结构为：How + 形容词/副词(+主语+谓语)
如：How beautiful the trees are! How well she plays ! 三 简单句、并列句、复合句
句子是人们表达思想、进行交际的基本语言单位,一个句子可以由一个或多个分句组成。构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）；次要成分有表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）、状语(adverbial), 同位语和补足语（complement）。 (一 ) 简单句
英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
英语五种基本句型列式如下： 一： Ｓ Ｖ （主＋谓vi）：e.g. We work.
二： Ｓ Ｖ Ｐ （主＋系＋表）e.g. He is a student.
三： Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ （主＋谓vt＋宾）e.g. Henry bought a dictionary.
四： Ｓ Ｖ ｏ Ｏ （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）e.g. My father bought me a car.
五： Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ Ｃ （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）[即：复合宾语]：e.g. Tom made the baby laugh. 基本句型 一：Ｓ Ｖ （主＋谓vi）
主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。 如： Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）
It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）
4
谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般放在主语之后。 谓语的构成如下：
1.简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：He practices running every morning. 2.复合谓语：1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。2）由系动词加表语构成 如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. We are students.
【划分成分】Who │cares? We all │breathe, eat, and drink. They │talked for half an hour.
Note. There be 句型
说明： 此句型是由“there+be+主语+in/on状语”构成，用以表达存在关系可以称“„ 有„„”。它其实是倒装的一种情况，主语位于谓语动词 be 之后。此句型有时不用be动词而用 live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exist, arrive等。 There stands a hill in the middle of the park.
Once upon a time there lived an old king in the town. 基本句型 二： Ｓ Ｖ Ｐ （主＋系＋表） 系动词有:1. 表示“判断”：be； 2. 表示“变得”、“成为”：become, come, go, fall, get, grow, prove, turn ；
3. 表示“保持着某一状态”：hold, keep, lie, remain, rest, sit, stay , continue, stand; 4. 表示“看起来”、“好像”：appear, look, seem 5. 表示“实感”：feel, sound, taste, smell 等。
表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词之后。表语一般由名词、代词、
形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词或表语从句表示。
例如：This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary. The dinner │smells │good. (不用well) 基本句型 三： Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾）
此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。宾语位于及物动词之后，一般同主语构成一样，不同的是构成宾语的代词必须是„代词宾格‟，如：me，them等 宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。名词/代词宾语, 不定式、动
名词或宾语从句充当。
Who │knows │the answer? They │saw│ an exhibition /him yesterday. 基本句型 四： ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾【人】＋直宾【物】）
此结构由“主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（事物）”组成。 如： He │brought │you │a dictionary. I │told │him │that the bus was late. 但若要先说出直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语（人），则要借助于介词to或for。 如：He brings cookies to me every day. She made a beautiful dress for me. 常跟双宾语的动词有：（需借助to的）bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask等；
（需借助for 的）buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save, spare等。 基本句型 五：ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词(make, find,see等)，但是只跟一个宾语 还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。
宾语补足语：位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系或主表关系，若无宾语补足语，则句意不够完整。可以用做宾补的有：名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，动
5
词不定式，分词等。E.g.They │found │the house │deserted. What │makes │him │think so? 注意：① 用 it 做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面，以使句子结构平衡，是英语常用的句型结构方式。即：主语+谓语+it+宾补+真正宾语。
如：I found it very pleasant to be with your family. We make it a rule to read aloud every morning. I hate it when a person speaks with his mouth full. ② I saw him come in. He was seen to come in.
③ The baby made Tom jump like a monkey. Tom was made to jump like a monkey by the baby.
但常用的英语句子并不都象基本句型这样简短，这些句子除了基本句型的成分不变外，通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语（modifier）而加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词（主要是形容词、副词和数词），也可以是各种类型的短语（主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语）。我们称之为：定语、状语, 独立成分 定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语,汉语中常用„……的‟表示。可用 形容词, 数词, 代词或名词所有格, 介词短语, 名词, 副词, 不定式, 分词（短语）, 从句作定语。定语通常位于被修饰的成分前。若修饰some, any, every, no构成的复合不定代词时，（如：something、nothing）；或不定式、分词短语作定语、从句作定语时，则定语通常置后。副词用作定语时须放在名词之后。 The scientific method has shown us endless marvels and wonders.（SVOC句型，增加了定语）
状语：状语修饰动词/形容词/副词或全句，说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的等。可用副词（短语），分词（短语），不定式，名词，从句作状语。
状语在句子中的位置很灵活，通常在句子基本结构之后，强调时放在句首；修饰形容词或副词时，通常位于被修饰的词之前；表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头，强调时放在句首，地点状语一般须在时间状语之前；一些表示不确定时间（如：often）或程度（如：almost）的副词状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，动词之前。
有时状语在句中的某个位置会引起歧义，应注意，如：The boy calls the girl in the classroom.一般理解成„男孩喊教室里的女孩„（此时in the classroom为girl的定语），也可以理解为„男孩在教室里喊女孩‟（此时in the classroom为地点状语），最好写作„In the classroom, the boy calls the girl. In the nineteenth century, people believed in progress（SV句型，增加了状语）
独立成分：有时句子中会有一些与句子没有语法联系的成分，称为句子独立成分 感叹词：oh, hello, aha, ah,等。 称呼语：称呼人的用语。 插入语：一些句中插入的 I think , I believe,等 肯定词yes 否定词no
情态词,表示说话人的语气（多作为修饰全句的状语）:perhaps也许,maybe大概,actually实际
上,certainly当然，等。
总之，一个完整的英语句子一般至少应包括“主语和谓语”两个基本成分。除了这些基本
成分外，英语的句子中还有定语、状语、同位语、插入语、感叹语、呼语等成分。这些成分与英语的其他构句手段(扩大、组合、省略或倒装)一起使英语的句子变化多端，可以表达各种复杂的思想。
如：For the last 25 years, for example, I've prepared an annual Christmas letter for long-distance friends. （SVO句型，增加了状语、插入语、定语） （二）并列句：
1并列句：由两个或两个以上的简单句并列在一起构成，常常由并列连词连接。但有时不用连接词,
6
只在两个简单句之间用一逗号或分号。 构成并列句的简单句常被叫做分句。常用的并列连词有： ①平行关系/先后关系/递进关系
and, as well as, along with, both…and…, not only… but (also)…, neither…nor.
②转折关系(两个概念彼此矛盾/相反或者转折)but, yet, still, however, nevertheless, while
e.gI agree with most of what you said, but I don‟t agree with everything.
③选择关系 or, otherwise, rather than, either…or…前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句
是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。 Eg. Use your head,and you will find a way.
④因果关系 for, so therefore
2. 有些副词如besides, moreover, otherwise, therefore等也可用在并列句中，而且它们前面常常用分
号。 I don‟t want to go; besides, it‟s getting dark.
3.并列分句间还可以直接用分号或冒号连接表示结果、对比、解释和补充等关系。
Eg.He knocked at the door again and again: there was no answer.
注意：并列句中的省略现象。并列句中的重复部分常省略。
1）省略主语 He arrived in summer and (he) left in winter.
2）省略谓语或谓语的一部分 Mike likes biology, but Peter (likes) maths.
（三）复合句
1、概念： 主从复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句为句子的主体,从句只用作句子的一个次要成分不能独立成为一个句子。从句通常由关联词引导(what,which,that,who,whose,where,when,why,how,whether等),并由关联词将从句和主句联系在一起。 如： It seemed as if the meeting would never end. However I cook eggs, the child still refuses to eat them.
2、分类： 从句按其在复合句中的作用,分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，定语
从句和状语从句。(参见以后各章) 3.复合句的难点：
1）根据句子的意思和结构搞清楚是何种从句
2）真正掌握引导从句的关联词，主从句时态的呼应。 练习一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分 1. The students got on the school bus. 2. He handed me the newspaper. 3. I shall answer your question after class. 4. What a beautiful Chinese painting! 5. They went hunting together early in the morning.
6. His job is to train swimmers.
7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.
7
8. There _ is going to be __ an American film tonight.
9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.
10. His wish is to become a scientist.
11. He _managed_ to finish the work in time.
12. Tom came to ask me for advice.
13. He found it important to master English.
14. Do you have anything else to say?
15. To be honest; your pronunciation is not so good.
16. Would you please tell_me_ your address?
17. He sat there , reading a newspaper.
18. It is _our duty__ to keep our classroom clean and tidy.
19. He noticed a man enter the room.
20. The apples tasted sweet. 练习二、 判断下列短文中各句是简单句、并列句还是复合句： I hope you are very well（ ）. I'm fine, but tired（ ）. Right now it is the summer vacation and I'm helping my Dad on the farm（ ）. August is the hottest month here（ ）. It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark.（ ） Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors（ ）. We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat（ ）. We have a lot of machines on the farm（ ）. Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him（ ）. But he employs more men for the harvest（ ）. My brother takes care of the vegetable garden（ ）. It doesn't often rain in the summer here（ ）. As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden（ ）. Every evening we pump water from a well（ ）. It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden（ ）.
Most Saturday evenings there is a party, even at harvest time（ ）. These parties often make us very happy（ ）. We cook meat on an open fire outside（ ）. It's great（ ）! Americans eat a lot of meat - too much in my opinion（ ）. Some of my friends drink beer（ ）. I don't, because I have to drive home after the party（ ）. In your letter you asked about the time in different areas of the States（ ）. There are five different time areas in the States（ ）. In my state we are fourteen hours behind Beijing time（ ）. How many different time areas do you have in China（ ）? Well, I must stop and get some sleep（ ）. Please give my best regards to your parents（ ）.
8
考点切入与解题技巧
（一） 正确处理插入语等独立成分
高考单项选择题往往在题干的关键部位增加插入语及介词、副词、名词、代词等附加内容，使原来连在一起的语境分开，解题难度陡然加大。处理此类题目的方法是去掉插入语或呼语等内容，简化句子结构，因为这类独立成分往往只是使句子表意更准确，去掉它们完全不影响句子结构。 【考题】Mum is coming. What present_____ for your birthday? （2005 福建） A． you expect she has got B． you expect has she got C． do you expect she has got D． do you expect has she got
【点评】C.特殊疑问词What present后面被增加了插入语do you expect，其后应视为宾语从句，故 应采用陈述语序。
【考题】Mary ,_____here—everybody else, stay where you are.
A .come B.comes C.to come D.coming （06/全国Ⅰ／35）
【点评】A . 带呼语的祈使句。如：Alice ,you open the door.
（二） 理清题干中的主句与从句，句子的主体成分与修饰性成分间的关系。 近年来高考单选题的题干中常常以添加一些从句或修饰性成分的形式，给学生分析句子结构制造麻烦。处理此类题目时，可采用找句子的主要成分(主语、谓语、宾语)，忽略或分化附加成分的形式来进行。
【考题】 —How long do you think it will be ______ China sends a manned spaceship to the moon? —Perhaps two or three years. （2006福建卷） A. when B. until C. that D. before
【点评】 D。弄清句子的主体结构。该题干来自于It was not long before...句型。只不过将一般过去时换成了一般将来时，又将陈述句换成了特殊疑问句。
（三） 排除倒装句、疑问句、感叹句等含特殊语序的句子对句子结构的影响。
在正常语序条件下，易分析句子的结构，而在非正常语序句子中，这一点往往变得很难，高考试题往往就利用这一点来增加知识检测的难度与灵活性。高考单选题还常常根据需要将介词、宾语、表语、(不定式表示的)目的状语等内容前置，有时也将应紧接在先行词后面的引导同位语从句的连词that后置。处理此类问题的最好办法是还原，即还原为正常语序并作检验。
【考题】Is this the reason_____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? (2002上海春招) A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained
【点评】 此句学生极易从前往后一读，依据常见搭配the reason why 而选错答案为D项；应该将句子还原为正常语序，即：this is the reason_____ at the meeting ...。答案应为A，he explained前省略了一个that，that引导的是一个定语从句.
（四） 找回省略句中已省略的部分，恢复句子结构的原貌。
省略句可用于简单句及复合句中，它固然能使文章更加简洁，但有时又给人带来理解困难。在近年来高考题中已多次出现省略句的考点。条件状语从句、时间状语从句、in case引导的目的状语从句、as if引导的方式状语从句等常采用省略形式。解题时应根据语境逻辑需要将被省略的内容补齐，从而达到正确理解目的。
【考题】 One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and_____. (2000春季招生) A. the other is white B. another white C. the other white D. another is white
【点评】C 采用增补省略内容的形式来处理，十分有效。=the other should be painted white.
9
能力技巧拓展
1． The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at_____ I thought was a dangerous speed.(2004上海春招)
A. as B. which C. what D. that
2． John plays football_____, if not better than,David. (1994全国) A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as
3． He made another wonderful discovery,_____ of great importance to science.(1998上海) A. which I think is B. which I think it is C. which I think it D. I think which is 4． —Where do you think_____ he_____ the computer? —Sorry. I have no idea.
A. has; bought B. 不填; bought C. did; buy D. had; bought
5. Who do you think_____ wants to go with to the science museum_____ in the 1950‟s. A. he; building B. that he; building C. he; built D. that he; built
6. It has been proved ______ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life. (2008上海)
A. if B. because C. when D. that
7. The last time we had great fun was ____ we were visiting the Water Park. A. where B. how C. when D. why (2008天津)
8. E-mail, as well as telephones,_____ an important part in daily communication.(1999上海) A. is playing B. have played D. are playing D. play 9．_____ be sent to work there? (2002上海)
A. Who do you suggest B. Who do you suggest that should C. Do you suggest who should D. Do you suggest whom should 10. Mike, as far as I know,_____ like to play music. A. seems B. appears C. feels D. does
11. The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him,_____? (2000上海) A. did they B. didn‟t they C. did it D. didn‟t it
12. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see_____ the next year. (2000全国) A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out
13. Mr Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to_____ some schools for poor children. A. set up B. setting up C. have set up D. having set up (2001上海春季) 14. The gentleman_____ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief. (2000上海春招) A. who B. about whom . whom D. with whom
15. Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers _____ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law. (2008江西)
A. where B. when C. who D. which
16. —Next week we‟ll have the final English exams.
—Yes? Then, every minute must be made full use_____ English.
A. of studying B. to study C. of being studied D. of to study
17. The man pulled out a gold watch, _________ were made of small diamonds。 (2008陕西)
10
A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of C. which the hands of D. the hands of which 18. The teacher often tells him to spend as much time as he_____ his lessons.
A. can do to study B. can studying C. can to study D. possible to study
19. Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had_____went wrong again.
A. it B. it repaired C. repaired D. to be repaired
20. It was not until she got home_____Jennifer realized she had lost her keys.（全国卷Ⅲ） A. when B. that C. where D. before 21. —It‟s thirty years since we last met.
—But I still remember the story, believe it or not,_____ we got lost on a rainy night.
A. which B. that C. what D. when (2006年四川卷) 22． The country life he was used to_____greatly since 1992. (2005山东) A. change B. has changed C. changing D. have changed 23． We went to the boy, and_____ him on the shoulder, took him away. A. pat B. patting C. patted D. to pat
24. Occasions are quite rare _____ I have the time to spend a day with my kids. (2008山东) A. who B. which C. why D. when
25. The lawyer rarely wears anything other than jeans and a T-shirt ______ the season. (2008全国I) A. whatever B. wherever C. whenever D. however
26． The information has been announced__________laid-off workers will be trained free. A. that B. which C. as D. whose
27. Who did the teacher, as well as the monitor,_____ an article for the wall newspaper? A. has write B. has written C. have write D. have written 28. Who are you going to_____ “Who‟s Who”into Chinese?
A. have translated B. have been translated C. have translate D. have been translating 29. Is this hotel_____ you said we were to stay in your letter? A. where B. which C. in that D. to which 30. Is this factory_____ we visited the other day?
A. where B. that C. the one D. which
31. Was it in the village_____ we used to live in_____ the accident happened? A. where; that B. which; that C. that; where D. where; which 32._____ you met the Englishman?
A. Where it was that B. Who it was that C. Where was it that D. Where was that
33. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from_____ effects the people are still suffering. (2005天津)
A. that B. whose C. those D. what
34． A warm thought suddenly came to me__________ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother‟s birthday.(2006年安徽卷) A. if B. when C. that D. which
35． No matter how frequently_____, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.
11
A. performed B. performing C. to be performed D. being performed (2006广东卷)
36. When_____ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.(2006年浙江卷)
A. compared B. being compared C. comparing D. having compared 37． Who is it up_____ decide whether to go or not? A. to to B. to at C. for to D. to for
38. You‟d better not leave the medicine ______ kids can get at it. (2008山东) A. even if B. which C. where D. so that
39. The home improvements have taken what little there is_____ my spare time. A. from B. in C. of D. at
40. —You ought to have made an apology to Mary last night. —Yes, I know I_____.
A. ought to B. have to C. should have D. must have
41. ____ the Internet is of great help, I don‟t think it‟s a good idea to spend too much time on it. A. If B. While C. Because D. As (2008湖南)
42. We have done things we ought not to have done and_____ undone things we ought to have done. A. left B. leave C. will leave D. leaving
43. If you are planning to spend your money having fun this week, better_____ it—You‟ve got some big bills coming.(2004福建)
A. forget B. forgot C. forgetting D. to forget
44. Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time_____ the exam.(2004 福建) A. pass B. to pass C. passed D. passing 45. ---Alice, you feed the bird,______? ---But I fed it yesterday. (全国卷)
A. do you B. will you C.didn‟t you D. don‟t you
46． When first_____ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.（2004全国卷Ⅱ） A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced
47. Turn on the television or open a magazine and you ______ advertisements showing happy families.(湖南卷)
A. will often see B.often see C. are often seeing D. have often seen
48. Don‟t be discouraged. ______things as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life. A.Taking B.To take C.Take D.Taken (03/春季上海／34) 49. ─ I reminded you not to forget the appointment. ─ ____.
A. So you did B. So I do not C. So did you D. So do I (06/江西/31)
50. There is no light in the dormitory. They must have gone to the lecture,_____? (上海卷)
A.didn‟t they B.don‟t they C.mustn‟t they D. haven‟t they
51. — You don't look very ______. Are you ill? — No, I'm just a bit tired. (03/北京春季/33)
A.good B.well C.strong D.healthy
12
52. Start out right away, ______you‟ll miss the first train. （06/四川／24） A.and B. but C. or D. while
53. We forgot to bring our tickets, but please let us enter, ______? (06/全国II/7) A. do you B. can you C. will you D. shall we 54.— Is your headache getting ______? (05/全国II/6) — No, it's worse.
A. better B. bad C. less D. well 55.---What should I do with this passage ? （05/重庆/31） ---____the main idea of each paragraph.
A.Finding out B.Found out C.Find out D. To find out
Keys: 前测题：
BCBDB CBBAD DCABA
练习一、1、主语，定语；2、间接宾语；3、谓语，状语；4、定语；5、状语，状语；6、定语，表语；7、宾语，状语；8、谓语，主语；9、谓语；10、主语，表语；11、谓语，宾语；12、状语；13、形式宾语，真正宾语；14、宾语、定语；15、插入语，状语；16、宾语(间宾+直宾)；17、状语，状语；18、形式主语，表语，宾补；19、宾补；20、表语 练习二：
I hope you are very well（复合句）. I'm fine, but tired（简单句）. Right now it is the summer vacation and I'm helping my Dad on the farm（并列句）. August is the hottest month here（简单句）. It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark.（并列句） Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors（简单句）. We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat（并列复合句）. We have a lot of machines on the farm（简单句）. Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him（复合句）. But he employs more men for the harvest（简单句）. My brother takes care of the vegetable garden（简单句）. It doesn't often rain in the summer here（简单句）. As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden（简单句）. Every evening we pump water from a well（简单句）. It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden（简单句）. Most Saturday evenings there is a party, even at harvest time（简单句）. These parties often make us very happy（简单句）. We cook meat on an open fire outside（简单句）. It's great（ 简单句）! Americans eat a lot of meat — too much in my opinion（简单句）. Some of my friends drink beer（简单句）. I don't, because I have to drive home after the party（复合句）. In your letter you asked about the time in different areas of the States（简单句）. There are five different time areas in the States（简单句）. In my state we are fourteen hours behind Beijing time（简单句）. How many different time areas do you have in China（简单句）? Well, I must stop and get some sleep（简单句）. Please give
13
my best regards to your parents（简单句）. 能力技巧拓展
CBABC DCAAD DCBBA DDBCB BBBDA ACCAC BCBCA CACCC BAADB BCCAD BCCAC DABCB DBBAC CDDDA DABAA DBBCA AADCC ADBDD ACCBA ACDCA
14
因篇幅问题不能全部显示，请点此查看更多更全内容