一、可数名词与不可数名词的区别
普通名词所表示的人或事物是可以按个数计算的，个体名词(表示某类人或事物中的个体，
这类名词叫可数名词。可数名词分为等)和集体名词
如worker, farmer, desk, factory
people,
family
(表示作为一个整体来看的一群人或一些事物，如表示的事物是不能按个数来计算的，示无法分为个体的物质，
等)。如果普通名词所
(表
这类名词就叫不可数名词。不可数名词分为物质名词
如meat, rice, water, milk, orange 等)和抽象名词(表示动作、
等)。
状态、情况、品质等抽象概念，如work, homework, time, health, friendship
二、可数名词的家务事
可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。指一个人或一件事物时，用单数形式；指两个或多个
人或事物时用复数形式。名词由单数形式变成复数形式的规则如下：
1. 一般的名词词尾直接加-s 。如：
book → books room → rooms
house → houses day → days
2. 以s, ss, ch, sh, x 结尾的名词，在词尾加-es 。如：
bus → buses glass → glasses
watch → watches
dish → dishes box → boxes
3. 以\"辅音字母+y\"结尾的名词，要先将y改为i再加-es。如：
city → cities body → bodies
factory → factories等等。
4. 以f 或fe 结尾的名词，要将f或fe改为v再加-es。如：
half → halves leaf → leaves
knife → knives wife → wives
5. 特例 [悄悄话：特例常常考，要记住。]
① child → children
② man → men woman → women
policeman → policemen
(规律：man → men)
③ tomato → tomatoespotato → potatoes
[悄悄话：初中英语以o 结尾的名词变复数时只有这两个词加-es，
其余的当然加-s喽！如：photo → photos ]
④ foot → feet tooth → teeth [悄悄话： oo变成ee。]
⑤ sheep, Chinese, Japanese单、复数同形[悄悄话：变复数时词形不变。]
⑥ people单数形式表示复数意义，要求谓语动词用复数；es通常指\"多个民族\"。
people的复数形式peopl
三、不可数名词的家务事
1. 不可数名词没有复数，当它作句子的主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。如：
The food is very fresh. 食品很新鲜。
2. 有的不可数名词也可以作可数名词，有复数形式，但他们的意义发生变化。如：
water (水) → waters (水域)
orange (橘汁) → oranges (橘子)
3. 很多的不可数名词表示泛指时为不可数，表示种类时就可数，但意义大多不发生变化。如：
fruit → fruits food → foods
fish → fishes hair 用所给名词的适当形式填空
→ hairs
1. How many________(sheep) are there on the hill?
2. There is some________(food) in the basket.
3. The baby has only two________(tooth) now.
4. There is a lot of________(water) in the bottle.
5. There are five________(people ) in his family.
6. Let's take________(photo), OK?
7. I have lots of________(tomato) here.
8. The________(leaf) on the tree turn-yellow.
9. The________(child) are playing games on the playground now.
10. Their________(dictionary) look new.
11. I see you have a few white________(hair).
12. They are________(woman) doctors.
13. Can you give me some bottles of ____ (orange), please?
14. There are many________(fox) in the picture.
15. I would like some apple________(juice). I am very thirsty. 参考答案：
1. sheep 2. food 3. teeth 4. water 5. people 6. photos 7. tomatoes 8. leaves 9.children 10.dictionaries 11.hair,hairs 12.women 13.orange 14.foxes 15.juice
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