Ladies and gentlemen, this is Zhuge Liang hall. The lintels and pillars ofthe hall are covered with plaques and couplets left by predecessors. One of themost famous is a couplet hanging in the middle of Zhuge Liang's palace, whichsays, "if you can work hard, you'll lose your mind. From ancient times, you knowthat soldiers are not belligerent; if you don't judge the situation, you'll belenient and strict. Later, you have to think deeply about how to govern Shu.".Lianwen was written by Zhao fan, a native of Jianchuan, Yunnan Province in thelate Qing Dynasty.
The Shanglian said that Zhuge Liang was able to use the tactics of"attacking the heart" in fighting, such as making Meng Huo's heart full ofadmiration when he was in the southern expedition. In this way, he praised ZhugeLiang as a militarist who really knew how to fight with troops, not a warlikeone.
The second couplet praises Zhuge Liang for his ability to judge thesituation and formulate a lenient and strict law, which has achieved goodresults, and reminds those who later govern Sichuan to learn from it. Thiscouplet makes an objective evaluation of Zhuge Liang's use of troops andadministration, and puts forward two enlightening questions of "attacking theheart" and "judging the situation". It is the top grade of the couplets on theplaque of Wuhou Temple and one of the famous couplets in China.
In the hall of Zhuge Liang, there are statues of Zhuge Liang, his son andgrandson. Zhuge Liang is like a man on a platform in the middle of the shrine.He has a feather fan and a silk scarf. He is wearing a golden robe. He isconcerned about the country and the people, and has a deep and farsighted look,which shows the demeanor of a generation of Confucians. Zhuge Liang (181-234),who was born in Yinan, Shandong Province, was an outstanding statesman andmilitarist in Chinese history.
When he was young, he lived in seclusion in Longzhong, Xiangfan. Because ofhis intelligence, hard work and ambition, he got the reputation of "Wolong". Atthe request of Liu Bei, he went out of the mountain to help Liu Bei and foundedShu Han. After Liu Bei's death, he was entrusted with the important task ofassisting his son, Liu Chan, to govern Shu for more than 20 years. He practicedenlightenment, gave strict rewards and punishments, selected talents andappointed talents, built water conservancy, developed production, marched southto central China, and attacked Qishan in the north. With loyalty, diligence,honesty and intelligence, he gained stability and prosperity in Shu. Chen Shou,a historian, commented that the state of Shu at that time had clear politics,honest and upright people, open fields, rich warehouses, and peaceful sceneseverywhere. Due to overwork, he died in wuzhangyuan army at the age of 54. Hewas buried at the foot of Dingjun mountain in Mianxian County, ShaanxiProvince.
Zhuge Liang has done a lot of good things in his life, such as beingdiligent, loving the people and being beneficial to social progress. After hisdeath, people miss him very much and respect him very much for his spirit ofdevoting himself to his life. As a result, people built one Wuhou Temple afteranother to commemorate him, and worshipped him as a model of loyal officials,virtuous prime minister and the embodiment of wisdom.
Zhuge Zhan, the son of Zhuge Liang, and Zhuge Shang, the grandson of ZhugeLiang, led the Wei army to fight a decisive battle in Mianzhu when the Shu HanDynasty was faced with survival. Finally, they died for their country becausethey were outnumbered.
There is a bronze drum in Zhuge Liang hall, which is a cultural relic inthe fifth and sixth centuries. Bronze drum, originally a cooking utensil ofsouthwest ethnic minorities in ancient times, has appeared as early as thespring and Autumn period and the Warring States period. Later, the bronze drumgradually evolved into a kind of musical instrument and ritual instrument, whichwas used in assembly and celebration, and also a symbol of wealth and power. Itis said that Zhuge Liang used this kind of bronze drum during his southernexpedition. It was used for cooking in the daytime and for alarming in theevening. Therefore, it is also called Zhuge drum.
In the wing rooms on both sides outside the hall, there are woodcut poemson display. In the west chamber, there are 12 pieces of calligraphy by MaoZedong, Dong Biwu, Zhang Aiping, Fang Yi, Zhou Gucheng, Chu Tunan, LiangShuming, etc., while in the East chamber, there are wood carvings of LongzhongDUI and Chushi Biao.
Sanyi Temple:
After leaving Zhuge Liang hall, there is Sanyi temple. Sanyi Temple got itsname from offering sacrifices to Liu, Guan and Zhang, who were the three membersof Taoyuan. The temple was built in the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the QingDynasty, with four entrances and five halls. Now only worship hall, main hall,into a courtyard layout. Sanyi temple was originally located in Tidu street inthe center of the city. Due to the need of urban construction, it was moved herein 1997. In the relocation project, in strict accordance with the nationalregulations on cultural relics, the original building components were removed byserial number and transported to the new site to be built according to theserial number to restore the original appearance.
The restored Sanyi temple is towering, and its architectural form is thesame as that of Liubei hall. The roof is a single eaves hard hill type, coveredby green simple tiles. The structure is a wood stone structure, with a beamlifting wooden frame, and the columns and column bases are made of stone. Thereare 40 round columns carved from the whole stone, with a diameter of 0.5m. Thereare 24 stone pillars engraved with 12 couplets in gold. In the main hall, claystatues of Liu, Guan and Zhang are restored, and ten stone line drawings of thestory of the three kingdoms are added to the two walls of the gallery. Thepainting is taken from the Ming Dynasty version of the romance of the ThreeKingdoms. The contents of these paintings are: three marriages in Taoyuan, threeheroes fighting against Lu Bu, Zhang Fei whipping the governor post, Liu Beirecruiting relatives, Guan Gong scraping bone to cure poison and so on.
Tomb of Liu Bei:
From Sanyi temple to the west, cross the small bridge, pass Guihe buildingand Qinting, and enter the Red Wall Road surrounded by green bamboo. At the endof the road is Liu Bei's tomb. The earth mound of Liu Bei's tomb is 12 metershigh and covered with green shade. There is a 180 meter long brick wallsurrounding the mausoleum. There are steles and halls in front of themausoleum.
After Liu Bei failed to defeat Wu, he retired to Baidi city and died inApril 223. In May, Zhuge Liang Fuling pivot back to Chengdu, August burial, tombknown as "Huiling.". Huiling is a tomb for husband and wife. At the same time,Mrs. Gan, the mother of empress Liu Chan, was buried. Twenty years later,another wife of Liu Bei, empress Mu Wu, died and was also buried here. This tombis more than 1700 years ago. No theft has been found. The situation in the tombis unknown.
There is a story in Youyang Zazu written by Duan Chengshi in the TangDynasty: a group of tomb robbers entered Liu Bei's Huiling mausoleum on a darknight. When they entered the tomb, they saw that the lights were shining inside.Liu Bei was playing chess with one man and ten warriors stood by one side.Scared out of their wits, the thieves knelt down one after another to beg formercy. Liu Bei waved to the guards to give them jade belts and Qiongjiang. Theydrank the jade paste, tied the jade belt, and climbed out of the hole in panic.Looking back, the hole was naturally sealed. The jade belt became a big snake,wrapped around their waist, and the jade paste became glue and stuck to theirmouth. It is said that no one dares to touch Liu Bei's tomb any more.
Out of Liu Bei's tomb, we come to the newly built exhibition area of "ThreeKingdoms culture". The exhibition area consists of exhibition hall and externalenvironment. The external environment is composed of gods and beasts Tianlu,dispelling evil spirits, remnant pillars of the Han Palace, soldiers fightingfor the country, stone inscriptions on the remnant wall, Linjiang immortal byYang Shen, and preface of stone inscriptions. The exhibition hall is dividedinto five exhibition areas, which are war situation, a glimpse of agricultureand mulberry, folk customs, art and forest, and the lingering charm of Liufeng.There are hundreds of cultural relics, materials and pictures on display. Thecontent is rich and colorful, the artistic technique is vivid and intuitive, andit is a combination of knowledge and appreciation, so it is worth lookingat.
After seeing the exhibition, you can also visit the "listening Oriole hall"by the way. It's a small courtyard. The bonsai in it is worth watching. Thetemporary exhibitions also have cultural taste.
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