python 字典可以储存函数吗
发布网友
发布时间：2022-04-24 14:19
共1个回答
热心网友
时间：2023-10-16 02:44
Python中是没有switch的, 所以有时我们需要用switch的用法, 就只能通过if else来实现了. 但if else写起来比较冗长,
这时就可以使用Python中的dict来实现, 比switch还要简洁. 用法如下:
如果是key1的情况就执行func1, 如果是key2的情况就执行func2...(func1, func2...所有的函数的参数形式需要相同),
假设各个函数参数均为(arg1, arg2):
dictName = {"key1":func1, "key2":func2, "key3":func3"...} #字典的值直接是函数的名字,不能加引号dictName[key](arg1, arg2)
示例代码如下:
#!/usr/bin/python#File: switchDict.py#Author: lxw#Time: 2014/10/05import redef add(x, y): return x + ydef sub(x, y): return x - ydef mul(x, y): return x * ydef div(x, y): return x / ydef main():
inStr = raw_input("Please input the easy expression:(e.g. 1 + 2.But 1 + 2 + 3 are not accepted.\n")
inList = re.split("(\W+)", inStr)
inList[1] = inList[1].strip() print("-------------------------") print(inList) print("-------------------------") #Method 1:
if inList[1] == "+": print(add(int(inList[0]), int(inList[2]))) elif inList[1] == "-": print(sub(int(inList[0]), int(inList[2]))) elif inList[1] == "*": print(mul(int(inList[0]), int(inList[2]))) elif inList[1] == "/": print(div(int(inList[0]), int(inList[2]))) else: pass
#Method 2:
try:
operator = {"+":add, "-":sub, "*":mul, "/":div} print(operator[inList[1]](int(inList[0]), int(inList[2]))) except KeyError: passif __name__ == '__main__':
main()
Output:
PS J:\> python .\switchDict.py
Please input the easy expression:(e.g. 1 + 2.But 1 + 2 + 3 are not accepted.1 + 2
-------------------------['1', '+', '2']-------------------------
3
3PS J:\> python .\switchDict.py
Please input the easy expression:(e.g. 1 + 2.But 1 + 2 + 3 are not accepted.4 - 9
-------------------------['4', '-', '9']-------------------------
-5
-5PS J:\> python .\switchDict.py
Please input the easy expression:(e.g. 1 + 2.But 1 + 2 + 3 are not accepted.6 / 5
-------------------------['6', '/', '5']-------------------------
1
1PS J:\> python .\switchDict.py
Please input the easy expression:(e.g. 1 + 2.But 1 + 2 + 3 are not accepted.1 9 9
-------------------------['1', '', '9', ' ', '9']-------------------------PS J:\> python .\switchDict.py
Please input the easy expression:(e.g. 1 + 2.But 1 + 2 + 3 are not accepted.1 ( 9
-------------------------['1', '(', '9']-------------------------PS J:\>
个人感觉, 如果想用switch来解决某个问题, 并且每种情况下的操作在形式上是相同的(如都执行某个函数并且这些函数有
相同的参数), 就可以用这种方法来实现.
